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Use of an experimental language acquisition paradigm for standardized neuropsychological assessment of learning: A pilot study in young and older adults.
Introduction: Despite the numerous episodic memory tasks used in neuropsychological assessment, relatively few learning tasks are available, with methods lacking the complexity and sophistication to capture very subtle changes in information acquisition. Method: We adapted a previously validated associative learning task for use within an online framework, utilizing real-world stimuli, in which learning of audio-visual […]
Hippocampal segmentation for brains with extensive atrophy using three-dimensional convolutional neural networks.
Hippocampal volumetry is a critical biomarker of aging and dementia, and it is widely used as a predictor of cognitive performance; however, automated hippocampal segmentation methods are limited because the algorithms are (a) not publicly available, (b) subject to error with significant brain atrophy, cerebrovascular disease and lesions, and/or (c) computationally expensive or require parameter […]
Identification of Pre-Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease in a Population of Elderly Cognitively Normal Participants.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a long pathological process, with an approximate lead-time of 20 years. During the early stages of the disease process, little evidence of the building pathology is identifiable without cerebrospinal fluid and/or imaging analyses. Clinical manifestations of AD do not present until irreversible pathological changes have occurred. Given an opportunity to provide […]
The Effect of Hearing Aid Use on Cognition in Older Adults: Can We Delay Decline or Even Improve Cognitive Function?
Hearing loss is a modifiable risk factor for dementia in older adults. Whether hearing aid use can delay the onset of cognitive decline is unknown. Participants in this study (aged 62-82 years) were assessed before and 18 months after hearing aid fitting on hearing, cognitive function, speech perception, quality of life, physical activity, loneliness, isolation, […]
Associations of Apolipoprotein E ε4 Genotype and Ball Heading With Verbal Memory in Amateur Soccer Players.
Importance: Emerging evidence suggests that long-term exposure to ball heading in soccer, the most popular sport in the world, confers risk for adverse cognitive outcomes. However, the extent to which the apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) allele, a common risk factor for neurodegeneration, and ball heading are associated with cognition in soccer players remains unknown. […]
Rates of age- and amyloid β-associated cortical atrophy in older adults with superior memory performance.
Introduction: Superior cognitive performance in older adults may reflect underlying resistance to age-associated neurodegeneration. While elevated amyloid β (Aβ) deposition (Aβ+) has been associated with increased cortical atrophy, it remains unknown whether “SuperAgers” may be protected from Aβ-associated neurodegeneration. Methods: Neuropsychologically defined SuperAgers (n = 172) and cognitively normal for age (n = 172) older […]
Influence of Comorbidity of Cerebrovascular Disease and Amyloid-β on Alzheimer’s Disease.
BACKGROUND: Quantifying the contribution of cerebrovascular disease to the clinical and pathological profile of Alzheimer’s disease is challenging. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the influence of cerebrovascular disease, amyloid-β (Aβ), and their comorbidity on cognitive decline, hippocampal atrophy, and Aβ deposition, by evaluating data from the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle Study of Ageing. METHODS: […]
Identification of Pre-Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease in a Population of Elderly Cognitively Normal Participants.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has a long pathological process, with an approximate lead-time of 20 years. During the early stages of the disease process, little evidence of the building pathology is identifiable without cerebrospinal fluid and/or imaging analyses. Clinical manifestations of AD do not present until irreversible pathological changes have occurred. Given an opportunity to provide […]
C-reactive protein and response to lurasidone treatment in children and adolescents with bipolar I depression: Results from a placebo-controlled trial.
This study sought to investigate associations between levels of high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP) prior to treatment and change in depressive symptoms and cognition in a short-term, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of lurasidone in children and adolescents with bipolar I depression. Patients 10-17 years of age with a DSM-5 diagnosis of bipolar I depression were randomized to […]
Neuropsychological Trajectories Associated with Adolescent Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Prospective 14-Year Study.
OBJECTIVES: Alcohol and cannabis remain the substances most widely used by adolescents. Better understanding of the dynamic relationship between trajectories of substance use in relation to neuropsychological functioning is needed. The aim of this study was to examine the different impacts of within- and between-person changes in alcohol and cannabis use on neuropsychological functioning over […]
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on cognition and symptoms in Chinese patients with schizophrenia✰.
There is preliminary evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) may improve symptoms and cognitive function in schizophrenia, but the generalizability of these results needs further investigation. We present a study of the effects of active vs. sham tDCS on cognition and symptoms in a sample of 45 Chinese patients with schizophrenia who showed significant cognitive […]
Clinical meaningfulness of subtle cognitive decline on longitudinal testing in preclinical AD.
INTRODUCTION: Demonstrating the “clinical meaningfulness” of slowing early cognitive decline in clinically normal (CN) older adults with elevated amyloid-β (Aβ+) is critical for Alzheimer’s disease secondary prevention trials and for understanding early cognitive progression. METHODS: Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether 3-year slopes on the preclinical Alzheimer’s cognitive composite predicted MCI diagnosis and […]
Computerized cognitive performance assessments in the Brooklyn Cognitive Impairments in Health Disparities Pilot Study.
INTRODUCTION: Detecting cognitive impairment in diverse, health disparities communities is an urgent health care priority. METHODS: The Brooklyn Cognitive Impairments in Health Disparities Pilot Study investigated quantitative aspects and liking of a computerized cognitive performance assessment, Cognigram, among individuals ≥ 40 years in traditional and nontraditional primary care settings. RESULTS: Cognigram was piloted in the […]
Health-related quality of life, emotional burden, and neurocognitive function in the first generation of metastatic melanoma survivors treated with pembrolizumab: a longitudinal pilot study.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of health-related quality of Life (HRQoL), emotional burden, and neurocognitive function in the first-generation metastatic melanoma survivors treated with pembrolizumab. METHODS: Survivors were defined as patients who achieved a durable remission for at least 6 months after initiating pembrolizumab in a single-center observational study […]
